Detailed introduction to excavator operation skills

8. Smooth operation method

When in operation, the stability of the machine can not only enhance work efficiency and extend the machine's lifespan, but also ensure operational safety (place the machine on a relatively flat ground). The stability of the drive sprocket on the rear side is better than that on the front side, and it can prevent the final transmission from being impacted by external forces. The wheelbase of the track on the ground is always greater than the track, so it is more stable when working forward. Lateral operation should be avoided as much as possible. Keep the excavation point close to the machine to enhance stability and the excavator. If the excavation point is far from the machine, the operation will be unstable due to the forward shift of the center of gravity. Lateral excavation is less stable than forward excavation. If the excavation point is far from the center of the machine body, the machine will be even more unstable. Therefore, an appropriate distance should be maintained between the excavation point and the center of the machine body to ensure balanced and efficient operation.

9. Notable operations

The hydraulic cylinder is equipped with a buffer device inside, which can gradually release the back pressure near the end of the stroke. If the piston is subjected to an impact load at the end of the stroke, it will directly touch the cylinder head or bottom, which is likely to cause an accident. Therefore, when reaching the end of the stroke, as much clearance as possible should be left.

Using rotary actions to push soil will cause abnormal force on the bucket and working device, resulting in distortion or weld cracking, and even pin shaft breakage. Such operations should be avoided as much as possible.

Excavating by using the weight of the machine body will cause abnormal force conditions on the slewing bearing, and at the same time, it will generate strong vibration and impact on the chassis, thus causing significant damage to the hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic pipeline.

When loading and unloading heavy materials such as rocks, they should be unloaded close to the bottom of the truck's cargo compartment, or soil should be loaded first and then rocks. Unloading at heights is strictly prohibited to minimize the impact and damage to the truck.

When the tracks are deeply stuck in the mud, place a wooden board under the bucket, use the bottom end of the bucket to support the tracks, then place a wooden board under the tracks and drive the machine out.

10. Correct walking operation

When the excavator is moving, the working device should be retracted as much as possible and placed close to the center of the machine body to maintain stability. Place the final drive at the back to protect it.

Try to avoid driving over obstacles such as tree stumps and rocks as much as possible to prevent the tracks from twisting. If it is necessary to pass over an obstacle, make sure that the center of the track is on the obstacle.

When passing over the earth mound, always support the chassis with the working device to prevent the vehicle body from shaking violently or even overturning.

It is advisable to avoid idling the engine for a long time on a steep slope; otherwise, poor lubrication may occur due to the change in the oil level Angle.

When a machine travels long distances, the idler wheels and the interior of the final transmission will generate high temperatures due to prolonged rotation, resulting in a decrease in the viscosity of the engine oil and poor lubrication. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently stop the machine for cooling and temperature reduction to extend the service life of the lower body.

It is strictly prohibited to carry out excavation operations by the driving force of walking, otherwise the excessive load will cause premature wear or damage to the lower components such as the final drive and tracks.

When walking uphill, the drive wheels should be at the rear to increase the adhesion of the track that touches the ground.

When walking downhill, the drive wheels should be in the front to keep the upper tracks taut, so as to prevent the vehicle body from sliding forward under the effect of gravity when stopping and causing danger.

When walking on a slope, the working device should be placed in front to ensure safety. After stopping, gently insert the bucket into the ground and place the upper block under the tracks.

When turning while walking on a steep slope, you should slow down. When turning left, turn the left track backward; when turning right, turn the right track backward. This can reduce the danger when turning on a slope.

11. Correct crushing operation

First, place the hammerhead vertically on the object to be broken. When starting the crushing operation, lift the front part of the vehicle body about 5cm. During the crushing process, the crushing head should always press on the crushed material. Once the uncrushed material has been crushed, the crushing operation should be stopped immediately.

When crushing, due to vibration, the hammer head will gradually change direction. Therefore, the bucket cylinder should be adjusted at any time to ensure that the hammer head direction is perpendicular to the surface of the crushed object.

When the hammer cannot penetrate the crushed material, the crushing position should be changed. Do not continuously break at the following place for more than one minute; otherwise, not only will the hammer head be damaged, but the oil temperature will also abnormally rise. For hard objects, start breaking from the edge gradually.

It is strictly prohibited to break while rotating, twist after the hammer head is inserted, use the hydraulic hammer horizontally or upward, and use the hydraulic hammer as a chisel.