Detailed introduction to excavator operation skills

1. Operational techniques

First, confirm the surrounding conditions. When performing rotary operations, one should have a clear understanding of the surrounding obstacles and terrain and operate safely. When working, make sure to confirm the forward and backward direction of the tracks to avoid overturning or impact. Try not to position the final drive facing the excavation direction, otherwise it is easy to damage the walking motor or hose. When operating, ensure that the left and right tracks are in full contact with the ground to enhance the dynamic stability of the entire machine.

2. Effective mining methods

When the bucket cylinder and the connecting rod, as well as the bucket rod cylinder and the bucket rod, are at a 90-degree Angle to each other, the digging force is the greatest. When the bucket teeth maintain a 30-degree Angle with the ground, the digging force is optimal, that is, the resistance to cutting soil is the smallest. When digging with a bucket pole, it is necessary to ensure that the Angle range of the bucket pole is between 45 degrees from the front and 30 degrees from the back. Using both the boom and the bucket simultaneously can enhance the efficiency of excavation.

3. Excavate rocks

Using a bucket to dig rocks can cause significant damage to the machine and should be avoided as much as possible. When excavation is necessary, the position of the machine body should be adjusted according to the direction of the rock crack to ensure that the bucket can be smoothly inserted for excavation. Insert the bucket teeth into the rock cracks and use the digging force of the bucket rod and the bucket to dig (be careful of the bucket teeth slipping off). Unbroken rocks should be crushed first before being excavated with a bucket.

4. Slope leveling operation

When performing flat surface finishing, the machine should be placed flat on the ground to prevent the body from shaking. It is crucial to control the coordination of the movements of the boom and the bucket rod, and to control their speeds for flat surface finishing.

5. Loading operation

The machine body should be in a horizontal and stable position; otherwise, it will be difficult to accurately control the rotary unloading, thereby prolonging the operation cycle time. The engine body should be kept at an appropriate distance from the truck to prevent the rear of the engine body from colliding with the truck when making a 180-degree turn. Try to install it by turning left as much as possible. This way, the field of vision will be wider and the operation efficiency will be higher. At the same time, the rotation Angle should be correctly controlled to reduce the time spent on turning. The position of the truck is lower than that of the excavator to shorten the lifting time of the boom and ensure good visibility. First, load the sand and gravel, and then place the large stones. This can reduce the impact on the vehicle body.

6. Work in soft areas or water

When working in soft soil zones, it is necessary to understand the looseness of the soil and pay attention to limiting the digging range of the bucket to prevent accidents such as landslides and collapses as well as deep subsidence of the vehicle body.

When working in water, attention should be paid to the allowable water depth range of the vehicle body (the water surface should be below the center of the idler wheel). If the horizontal level is relatively high, the interior of the slewing bearing will be poorly lubricated due to water entry, the engine fan blades will be damaged by water impact, and the electrical circuit components will experience short circuits or open circuits due to water intrusion.

7. Hoisting operations

When using a hydraulic excavator for hoisting operations, it is necessary to confirm the surrounding conditions of the hoisting site, use high-strength hooks and steel wire ropes, and try to use dedicated hoisting devices during hoisting. The operation mode should be selected as the micro-operation mode, and the movements should be slow and balanced. The length of the hoisting rope should be appropriate. If it is too long, the lifted object will swing significantly and be difficult to control precisely. The position of the bucket should be adjusted correctly to prevent the steel wire rope from slipping off. Construction workers should try to stay away from the lifted objects to prevent danger caused by improper operation.