What special attention should be paid to during the daily inspection of sorghum husking machines

During the daily inspection of the sorghum husking machine, special attention should be paid to four aspects: safety protection, the status of key components, operating parameters and cleaning and maintenance, to ensure the efficient operation of the equipment, reduce the failure rate and guarantee the safety of the operators. The following are the specific inspection points and precautions:

I. Safety Protection Inspection

Integrity of protective devices

Inspection items: Confirm whether all protective covers (such as pulleys, gears, and shell removal drum protective covers), emergency stop buttons, and safety warning signs are intact.

Precautions: Missing or loose protective covers may cause operators to come into contact with rotating parts, leading to mechanical injuries. The emergency stop button needs to be tested regularly to ensure that the power supply can be cut off immediately.

Electrical safety

Inspection items: Check whether the grounding wires of the motor and control cabinet are firm and whether the outer sheath of the cable is damaged or aged.

Poor grounding may cause leakage. Damaged cables should be replaced in time to avoid the risk of short circuit or electric shock.

Safe operating environment

Inspection items: Confirm that there is no accumulation of debris around the equipment, that the ventilation openings are unobstructed, and that safety facilities such as fire extinguishers and dust concentration detectors are in place.

Precautions: During the husking process of sorghum, dust is prone to be produced. It is necessary to keep the environment well-ventilated to prevent dust explosions or fires.

Ii. Status Inspection of Key Components

Shelling drum and screen

Inspection items

Whether the rubber layer or metal teeth on the surface of the shelling drum are worn, deformed or fallen off.

Check whether the screen mesh is damaged, clogged or deformed, and whether the screen holes are unobstructed.

Notes

The wear of the drum will lead to a decrease in shell removal efficiency and it needs to be replaced regularly (generally once a quarter).

A clogged screen will affect the separation of materials. It should be cleaned with a soft-bristled brush to avoid scratching it with hard objects, which may cause damage to the screen.

Transmission system

Inspection items

Whether the tension of the belt and chain is moderate (if it is too loose, it is prone to slipping; if it is too tight, it increases wear).

Check whether the coupling bolts are tightened and whether there is any wobbling or abnormal noise from the transmission shaft.

Notes

The belt needs to be replaced when the wear exceeds one-third of the belt width or the elongation exceeds 5%.

The deflection of the drive shaft may cause intensified vibration, and it is necessary to adjust the alignment or replace the bearings.

Fans and air ducts

Inspection items

Check whether the fan impeller is attached with dust or impurities and whether the air volume is stable.

Check whether the air duct is leaking or blocked, and whether the filter bags of the dust collector are damaged.

Notes

Dust accumulation on the impeller will reduce the air volume and requires regular cleaning (it is recommended to do it once a week).

Damaged filter bags will lead to a decrease in dust removal efficiency and need to be replaced in a timely manner (generally inspected once every six months).

Iii. Operating Parameter Monitoring

Motor temperature and current

Inspection items: Touch the motor housing with your hand. The temperature should not exceed 65℃ (an infrared thermometer can be used for assistance). Observe whether the ammeter reading is within the rated range.

Note: Motor overheating may be caused by excessive load, poor heat dissipation or unstable voltage. The machine needs to be shut down for inspection.

Shelling efficiency and output quality

Inspection items: Regularly check the separation rate of sorghum kernels and shells after husking to ensure there are no large amounts of unhusked grains or broken kernels.

Low shell removal efficiency may be due to excessive drum clearance, clogged screen or insufficient air volume. The drum clearance needs to be adjusted or the screen cleaned.

Vibration and Noise

Inspection items: Listen for any abnormal sounds during the operation of the equipment (such as bearing friction, screen body collision), and observe whether the equipment vibration is uniform.

Abnormal vibration may be due to unbalanced screen body, broken spring or loose transmission components. The machine needs to be stopped to tighten the bolts or replace the spring.

Iv. Cleaning and Lubrication Maintenance

Removal of residual materials

Inspection items: After the machine stops, clean the residual sorghum kernels, shells or impurities in the feed port, shelling drum, screen, discharge port and dust collector.

Residual materials are prone to mold or clog equipment. They should be cleaned with a soft-bristled brush or compressed air to avoid water flushing which may cause short circuits in electrical components.

Lubrication and maintenance

Inspection items: Apply grease (such as lithium-based grease) to parts like motor bearings, transmission chains, and vibrating screen bearings.

Insufficient lubrication will accelerate the wear of components. Lubrication should be carried out in accordance with the cycle and quantity specified in the equipment manual (generally once per shift or once a week).

Ash discharge from the dust collector

Inspection items: If a pulse dust collector is equipped, the accumulated dust in the ash hopper needs to be discharged regularly (generally 1-2 times per shift).

Note: If the ash hopper is too full, it will affect the dust removal efficiency. A material level gauge should be installed to monitor the accumulated dust.